![]() According to the World Oil annual classification of fluid systems, there are nine distinctive categories of drilling fluids that are in use today. A properly designed drilling fluid should be able to perform some major functions such as controlling formation pressures, removing cuttings from the wellbore, sealing permeable formations encountered while drilling, cooling and lubricating the bit, transmitting hydraulic energy to downhole tools and the bit and perhaps most importantly maintaining wellbore stability so as to meet up with the design objectives. Drilling fluids are usually formulated to meet certain properties to enable the mud to carry out its basic functions. Drilling fluid or basically, mud is usually a mixture of water, clay, weighing material and some few chemicals. ![]() ![]() Most wells are drilled with clear water for faster penetration rates, until a depth is reached where hole conditions dictate a need for a fluid (drilling fluid) with special properties.
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